Brasil Pack Trends 2020

BrasilPackTrends2020 182 sustainabi l ity & ethics be implanted in four years after the publication of that law. The elaboration of the State and municipal solid waste plans will rule two years after the publication of the Law number 12305. The decree number 7404 from September 23th, 2010, extends the need for implementation of reverse logistics systems to products commercialized in plastic, metallic or glass packages. That extension must be checked by the orienting committee, which created five Theme Technical Groups (TTG), among them the Packages TTG. The Packages TTG is coordinated by the Ministry of Environment and it is formed by federal and State organs and entities from civil society sectors such as the National Confederation of the Industry (NCI), the Entrepreneurial Commitment for Recycling (Cempre), Brazilian Society of Packaging (Abre), Brazilian Technical Association of the Automatic Industries of Glass (Abividro), Brazilian Association of the Plastic Industry (Abiplast), Brazilian Association of paper and Cellulose (Bracelpa), Brazilian Association of the Chemistry Industry (Abiquim), among others. The Feb/2012 tender for Calling for the elaboration of a sectorial agreement for the implementation of reverse logistics system of packages in general was published on July 4 th , 2012. Over that tender, the package manufacturers, importers, suppliers and vendors shall build and implement a reverse logistics system for package returning after the product use by the consumer, with the participation of the municipal public service titular of urban cleaning and urban solid residues handling, from the cooperatives and pickers’ association and from recycling companies. The time for presenting the sectorial agreement proposals was 180 days, hence limiting the deadline to January 4 th , 2013. Progressive goals have been created for reduction of the dried recyclable residues based on the 2013’s national characterization: 22% until 2015, 28% until 2019, 34% until 2023, 40% until 2029 and 45% until 2031 (GARCIA, 2012a). The first “LCA proto studies” are from the 70’s and 80’s, although back in those times there was no naming formalization. According to Walter Klöpffer (2006), Bill Franklin and Bob Hunt can be considered as the inventors of the LCA, developing those “proto studies”. Those studies were conducted by the Midwest Research Institute and called Resource and Environmental Profile Analysis (REPA), according to Hunt and Franklin (1996). The methodology idea is attributed to Harry Teasley, whom, back in that time, worked for Coca-Cola, which was the financer of the first REPA study, in 1996. The study was aimed at compare the natural resources consumption and the emission of different types of packages for soft drinks (GARCIA, 2002). The company Franklin Associates was born from the REPA working group and is still going over similar studies. Both energy and the package have been central topics for those given studies mainly due to the petroleum crisis and the rising problems of waste disposal. At the end of the 80’s, the companies Procter & Gamble and Tetra Pak met up and hired research institutions (Battelle, Fraunhofer, EMPA, CML) and groups specialized in LCA (Franklin, Écobilan) under coordination of the Society of Environmental Toxicology 7.2 THE TOOL FOR LIFE CYCLE EVALUATION The first LCA (Life Cycle Assessments) Studies